This paper demonstrates the influence of graphene origami and multi-load on frequency responses in sandwich structures, highlighting piezoelectric effects.
The present paper investigates influence of the graphene origami's characteristics and multi-load of piezoelectric materials on the frequency responses of a sandwich curved composed of a Graphene Origami (Gori) reinforced core. The Gori reinforced core is sandwiched with piezoelectric/piezomagnetic layers. A novel higher-order flexible model with thickness stretch-ability is employed for extension of the kinematic relations. The constitutive relations are derived using the important relations for effective material properties for Gori reinforced core and the multi-field equations for integrated piezoelectric/piezomagnetic layers. The natural frequency responses are presented with changes of foldability parameter and content of Gori as well as multi-field characteristics. An investigation on the geometric parameters of the sandwich curved beam and foundation's parameters is presented. A verification with available results of literature. The proposed model in this paper can be considered as an element of intelligent and controllable systems and structures with tunable responses and reflections.
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Shadhar et al. (2025) studied this question.
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