Pilocytic Astrocytoma: A Case Report

Pilocytic astrocytoma (PA) is a WHO grade I glial tumor, most frequently affecting children and adolescents, with a predilection for the cerebellum. Vermian involvement presents unique surgical challenges due to its proximity to critical midline structures. Histologically, PA displays a biphasic architecture with Rosenthal fibers and eosinophilic granular bodies, and generally carries a favorable prognosis when treated appropriately. In cases where gross total resection is not possible, adjuvant chemotherapy with vincristine and carboplatin is often employed, particularly in young patients, to delay or avoid radiotherapy. This case report describes the anatomopathological features, radiological presentation, and therapeutic management of a cerebellar vermian pilocytic astrocytoma in an adolescent, highlighting the importance of a tailored, multidisciplinary approach