Study on Spatiotemporal Characteristics, Health Risk, and Potential Source Regions of Atmospheric PM2.5 and O3 in Xiangyang City, China

Atmospheric pollution poses varying degrees of health risks to the public health of local residents and ecological sustainability. As a typical basin-edge city, Xiangyang, one of the industrial center cities in Hubei Province, China, is facing challenges regarding air quality. However, previous research on the regional correlation, temporal potential sources, and dynamic changes in health risks related to air pollution in Xiangyang has been reported infrequently. The purpose is to investigate the spatiotemporal characteristics of PM2.5 and O3 in Xiangyang, their potential source regions, associated health risks, and spatial correlations. The health risks associated with air pollution in Xiangyang City from 2019 to 2023 have showed downward trend from 2.252 in 2019 to 1.032 in 2023. The potential source regions of O3 in summer were concentrated in northeastern Hubei, southeastern Henan, western and northern Anhui, and central Shaanxi province. The weight of potential sources of O3 in summer demonstrated an increasing trend in central Shaanxi. The obvious potential sources regions of PM2.5 in winter extended to Hubei, northern Hunan, Henan, northern Anhui, western Shandong, and central Shaanxi. The weight of potential sources of PM2.5 in winter demonstrated an increasing trend in central Shaanxi.