Experimental and simulation analysis reveals Mg2+/Cl- co-(de)intercalation enhances battery capacity in VS2 electrodes, suggesting effective ion pairing.
Two-dimensional vanadium disulfide (VS2) is widely used in electrode materials for aqueous batteries but still suffers from limited capacity and rate. We designed an interlayer reaction based on VS2 in synergy of Mg2+ with conventional cations or anions (H+, NH4+, OH–, NO3–, F–, Cl–, and SO42–) (dividing these ions' workings into dual-ion batteries, Mg2+-anion co-(de)intercalation, and gap-filling). Relatively more suitable paired ions were recommended for each of the three mechanisms. Furthermore, combined with molecular dynamic simulation and experiments, the effectiveness of Mg2+/Cl– co-(de)intercalation in enhancing battery performance was verified. This work provides a new dimension for optimizing battery performance.
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Li et al. (2025) studied this question.
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