Assessment and features of logistics the sulfur supplies during the period of sanctions pressure

Sulfur, as a key element of the global chemical and agrochemical industries, plays an important role in the global economy, especially in the production of fertilizers that ensure food security. Russia, as one of the leading sulfur producers, faces challenges in supply logistics in the context of sanctions pressure that began in 2022. This necessitates an analysis of the factors affecting the production, consumption, pricing and logistics of sulfur, as well as an assessment of Russia's role in the global market. This study presents a comprehensive analysis of the impact of sanctions pressure on sulfur logistics, including an assessment of the restructuring of export routes and their economic consequences. Key factors influencing sulfur production (hydrocarbon production volumes, environmental standards, processing technologies) and consumption (demand for fertilizers, metallurgy, chemical industry) are identified. Pricing factors are identified, including dependence on prices for phosphate fertilizers, the cost of hydrocarbons and logistics. The economic efficiency of sulfur supplies will be determined by the balance between transportation costs and the selling price of sulfur in target markets. During periods of low world prices, while logistics costs remain high, many companies will be forced to optimize production volumes or seek domestic sales outlets to avoid accumulation of surpluses.