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September 10, 2025Open Access

Evolution of Federalism in Pakistan A Historical Analysis of Political Challenges, Constitutional Reforms, and Provincial Autonomy (1947–2025)

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Federalism in Pakistan has oscillated between centralization and decentralization since 1947, impacting provincial autonomy significantly.
The 18th amendment in 2010 catalyzed a shift towards more provincial powers, although issues like water distribution remain unresolved.
Constitutional developments and military interference have influenced the trajectory of federalism in Pakistan, particularly leading to the secession of East Pakistan in 1971.
Efforts are ongoing to strengthen local governments and improve intergovernmental collaboration, suggesting a need for sustainable federalism in the country.

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This analysis explores challenges in federalism and constitutional reforms in Pakistan, revealing implications for provincial autonomy.

Ahmed et al. (2025) studied this question.

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