Protection of seed potatoes against virus infections in the field conditions of Polissia of Ukraine

Viral diseases pose a significant problem for potato seed production, therefore, to ensure high-quality characteristics of seed material, it is necessary to research the development of new methods of their control. The study aimed to determine the effectiveness of the integrated application of elements of the system of protection of basic seed potato plantations from viral diseases using mineral oils, top removal and biological preparations based on nanoparticles in the South of Polissia of Ukraine. The study demonstrated that the treatment of potato tubers and spraying of plants during the growing season with a nanopreparation of biological origin increased the yield of seed potatoes of Myroslava variety compared to the control without treatment by 2.7 t/ha or 6.94 %, and Fotyniia variety – by 2.6 t/ha or 6.9 %. The use of potato tops desiccation, treatments and mineral oil provided an increase in the yield of Myroslava by 3.3 t/ha or 9.5%. The use of potato tops desiccation and potato treatments during three growing seasons, according to the results of the visual method of plantation assessment, contributed to a 2.9% reduction in the damage of Myroslava potato variety plants by virus diseases, and 2.6% in Fotyniia variety, while the damage of plants in the control varieties was 4.5% and 4.7%, respectively. The results of the enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay of potatoes in the postharvest period showed that treatment of vegetative potato plants with the nanopreparation reduced the infection of seed potatoes with Potato virus Y (PVY) by 0.5 %, while the infection of plants with PVY virus infection in the control without treatment was 1.0 %. Based on the results of the research, elements of the system of integrated application of a multicomponent nanopreparation of biological origin, spraying of plantations with insecticides and mineral oil and desiccation of potato tops to combat viral diseases of pre-basic, basic and certified seed potatoes were proposed