This review explores targeted therapies including tyrosine kinase inhibitors, highlighting treatment evolution and challenges in chronic myeloid leukemia.
Chronic myeloid leukemia (CML) is a myeloproliferative neoplasm driven by the Philadelphia chromosome, resulting in the BCR-ABL1 fusion gene. The development of tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs) has revolutionized CML treatment, achieving unprecedented remission rates and improving overall survival. This review explores the advancements in targeted therapies for CML, focusing on the evolution of TKI generations, including imatinib, dasatinib, nilotinib, bosutinib, ponatinib, and newer agents like asciminib and osimertinib. We discuss the mechanisms of action, clinical efficacy, safety profiles, and evolving treatment paradigms for different patient populations, including newly diagnosed, treatment-resistant, and elderly patients. Furthermore, we delve into the challenges and future directions of CML therapy, highlighting the emergence of resistance mechanisms, the need for personalized medicine, and the potential of novel therapeutic strategies. This review provides a comprehensive overview of the current landscape of targeted therapies for CML, offering valuable insights into the ongoing efforts to optimize treatment outcomes and improve the lives of patients with this hematological malignancy.
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OKECHUKWU CHIDOLUO VITUS (2024) studied this question.
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