Histomorphological Changes of Heart and Kidney of An Alloxan Induced Wister Rats Treated with Gongronema Latifolium Leaf Extract

Diabetes causes a variety of changes in the heart and kidney tissues. The objective of this study was to determine the histomorphological alterations in the heart and kidneys of rats treated with leaf extract from Mongronema latifolium after being induced with alloxan. This leaf extract was made using the maceration extraction process. Five groups, each consisting of twelve rats, were created from sixty (60) seemingly healthy rats of both sexes.Normal group as control group 1, Alloxan induced was group 11, Group 3, 4 and 5 were the treatment group. Rats from Group 2 to 5 were induced with Alloxan at 150mg/kg b.w by intra-peritoneal treatment control group 1 rats were not induced. The treatment of the rats in group 3, 4 & 5 commenced when the rats confirmed of being diabetic G. Latiofolium extract were administered in 3 doses namely – 200mg/kg, 600mg/kg and 800mg/kg body weight for 6 weeks. The result showed significant increase (P<0.05) of the glucose in Alloxan induced group (II) as when compared with the Normal control of Group (I). On treatment with the G.Latifolium extract of 200mg.kg, 600mg/kg, and 800mg/kg, there were remarkable significant decrease (P<0.05) of TC, TG, LDL and HDL as when compared with normal control. Nevertheless, administration of Latifolium extract markedly counteracted the deleterious alterations noted in rats of group two that were induced by Alloxan (2). Significantly favorable and restorative improvements were noted in groups 4 and 5. When compared to the modifications in group two (2), the difference shown in group three was not as noticeable. This study demonstrated that Gongronema Latifolium leaf extract enhanced and had healing effects on cardiac cardiomyocyte cells, as well as on the kidney glomeralus's distal and proximal convoluted tubules. Furthermore, the blood level of hyperglycemia decreased dramatically (P<0.05).