Familial Mediterranean Fever: Autoinflammatory Syndrome in Clinical Practice

Familial Mediterranean Fever (FMF) is the most common autoinflammatory syndrome, characterized by recurrent episodes of fever and aseptic inflammation of serous membranes. The disease is associated with mutations in the MEFV gene, which encodes pyrin, a protein involved in regulating the inflammatory response. The clinical presentation of FMF includes abdominal, pleural, and arthritic attacks accompanied by severe pain and fever. Diagnosis is based on clinical criteria and molecular genetic analysis. The primary treatment is colchicine, which prevents relapses and the development of amyloidosis. Early diagnosis and timely therapy play a crucial role in preventing complications and improving patients' quality of life.