The Functionality of Nano Biosensors in Detecting Lung Cancer: A Review

Nowadays, lung cancer is one of the most common diseases worldwide and has the highest mortality rate among all types of cancers. Therefore, early diagnosis of this disease is of special importance. Due to the high cost and time requirements of traditional lung cancer detection methods, there has been a recent emphasis on developing more affordable and efficient alternatives. In recent years, significant progress in nanotechnology and the development of various nanomaterials has led to increased activity in the field. Recent studies suggest that graphene oxide nanomaterials have high potential for designing bio-nano sensors to detect lung cancer due to their unique properties. This research presents a biosensor based on a graphene oxide-DNA nanohybrid for identifying deletion mutations that cause lung cancer. The mutations are identified using a FAM-labeled DNA probe and fluorescence spectroscopy. Additionally, graphene oxide was synthesized based on Hamer’s method and verified using FT-IR, UV-Vis, and TEM imaging.”