Exploring the Frontiers of Computational NMR: Methods, Applications, and Challenges.

Computational methods have revolutionized NMR spectroscopy, driving significant advancements in structural biology and related fields. This review focuses on recent developments in quantum chemical and machine learning approaches for computational NMR, emphasizing their role in enhancing accuracy, efficiency, and scalability. QM methods provide precise predictions of NMR parameters, enabling detailed structural characterization of diverse systems. ML techniques, leveraging extensive data sets and advanced algorithms, complement QM by efficiently automating spectral assignments, predicting chemical shifts, and analyzing complex data. Together, these approaches have transformed NMR workflows, addressing challenges in metabolomics, protein structure determination, and drug discovery. This review highlights recent progress, emerging tools, and future directions in computational NMR, underscoring its critical role in modern structural science.