Thermal Imaging-Based Defect Detection Method for Aluminum Foil Sealing Using EAC-Net

Aluminum foil sealing is widely employed in industrial packaging, and the quality of sealing plays a crucial role in ensuring product integrity and safety. Thermal infrared images frequently exhibit non-uniform heat distribution and indistinct boundaries within the sealing region. Additionally, variations in thermal response and local structural characteristics are observed across different defect types. Thus, traditional detection methods exhibit limitations regarding their stability and adaptability. In this paper, a novel thermal image recognition algorithm called EAC-Net is proposed for the classification and detection of sealing defects in thermal infrared images. In the proposed method, EfficientNet-B0 is utilized as the backbone network to improve its adaptability for industrial deployment. Furthermore, the Atrous Spatial Pyramid Pooling module is incorporated to enhance the multi-scale perception of defect regions, while the Channel–Spatial Attention Mixing with Channel Shuffle module is adopted to strengthen the focus on critical thermal features. Significant improvements in recognition performance were verified in experiments, while both computational complexity and inference latency were effectively kept at low levels. In the experiments, EAC-Net demonstrated an accuracy of 99.06% and a precision of 99.07%, indicating its high robustness and application potential.