A review on electrical field modification technology for multiphase flow systems

Flow assurance technology is crucial for deepwater oil and gas development. A key focus of current research is enhancing the low-temperature mobility of oil-gas-water multiphase systems in deepwater subsea pipelines. Electrical field modification technology, a novel flow improvement method, is discussed in this paper through three aspects: experimental devices, modification effects, and mechanisms. Electrical field modification devices are categorized as static or dynamic, with dynamic devices currently limited to waxy crude oil research. In terms of modification effects, electric fields can significantly reduce crude oil viscosity and weaken its structural strength. Regarding mechanisms, traditional electrorheological theories like electrophoresis cannot explain the lingering modification effect post-electric field removal. Researchers have proposed alternative mechanisms such as particle chain formation, wax crystal aggregation, and interfacial polarization, but these remain debated. The paper concludes by highlighting the development direction of low-temperature flow modification technology for deepwater multiphase mixing and transportation systems.