Effect of a Multi-Strain Probiotic on Secretory Immunoglobulin-A Levels in Patients with Complete Edentulism: A Quasi-Experimental Study

A bstract Aim: Secretory immunoglobulin-A (sIgA) plays a crucial role in the immune response and in protecting the oral mucosa as part of the body’s defense system. Periodontitis, caries, fungal infections, and halitosis are among the most common oral illnesses treated with probiotics today. The study analyzes the outcome of multi-strain probiotics on the levels of sIgA in completely edentulous patients. Materials and Methods: A total of 52 participants who were fully edentulous and wearing removable complete denture prosthesis were recruited for the research. The subjects were split into two groups. Patients in Group I (experimental) were given the multi-strain probiotic Lee-Biotic (Leeford Healthcare Ltd.), whereas those in Group II (control) did not receive any probiotic prescriptions. The enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) was employed to assess sIgA levels at baseline, 2 months later, and 3 months later. The collected data were statistically analyzed. Results: The mean baseline sIgA levels were 1.032 mg/mL in the probiotic group and 0.432 mg/mL in the non-probiotic group ( P < 0.05). After 3 months, the probiotic group exhibited a significant increase to 2.254 mg/mL, whereas the non-probiotic group reached 1.213 mg/mL. The probiotic group showed a statistically significant increase ( P < 0.05) in sIgA levels over the 3-month period, indicating a strong immunological response. In contrast, the non-probiotic group showed a modest increase, suggesting that the non-probiotic supplement has a limited effect. Conclusion: Commercially available multi-strain probiotic supplements increased the levels of sIgA in edentulous patients who were old denture wearers. Multi-strain probiotics have been shown to increase sIgA levels. This enhancement may contribute to improved oral immunity and reduced susceptibility to oral infections in the denture wearer population.