Frontiers and Opportunities in Visualization for Biomedical Research

Life exhibits profound complexity,spanning multiple spatial and temporal scales,with intricate interactions occurring both within and between hierarchical levels. To comprehensively understand the fundamental functions and regulatory principles of life,it is essential to collect and integrate a vast array of structural and regulatory information across diverse levels. In recent years,the rapid advancement of novel imaging technologies and artificial intelligence methods has enabled the in vivo,real-time,and precise visualization of life organization and biological processes,establishing these tools as indispensable for "visualizing life" and "characterizing diseases" in the post-genomic era. Based on the 365th Shuang Qing Forum titled "Integration and Analysis of Life Visualization",this review summarizes the major progress,significant achievements,and emerging trends in life visualization research,with a focus on metabolism,neuroscience and cognition,and cancer immunology. Furthermore,it outlines the key scientific challenges and questions that need to be urgently addressed in this field over the next 5<?A3B2 pi129?>to 10<?A3B2 pi129?>years,and proposes new paradigms for advancing biomedical research by means of visualization technologies.