Extending the lifecycle of transport vehicles in a circular economy framework: Evaluating the economic efficiency of maintenance activities using the TOPSIS method

Maintenance plays a vital role in extending the lifespan of transport vehicles, thereby supporting the development of a circular economy in the transportation sector. In Vietnam, however, the potential of maintenance activities has yet to be comprehensively harnessed. This study explores how vehicle lifespans can be prolonged within a circular economy framework by evaluating four maintenance strategies - preventive maintenance (PM), predictive maintenance (PdM), reactive maintenance (RM), and total productive maintenance (TPM) - using the TOPSIS method and five circular economy-oriented criteria. Research indicates that while reactive maintenance is currently the predominant approach in Vietnam due to its lower initial costs, other strategies hold significant potential for facilitating a shift towards more proactive maintenance systems. In particular, Predictive Maintenance (PdM) offers substantial promise by leveraging real-time data analytics to anticipate equipment failures, thereby reducing downtime and maintenance expenses. Such a transition can enhance operational efficiency, extend asset lifespans, and contribute to more sustainable practices in the sector. The study offers practical recommendations for improving maintenance models, reducing resource waste, and advancing circular economy goals. It also acknowledges the current reliance on reactive methods, while emphasizing the long-term benefits and cost-efficiency of proactive alternatives for both businesses and policymakers.