Women's Career Transitions After Childbirth: Analyzing Motivational Factors and Support Mechanisms

This article analyses the motivational factors influencing women's decisions to change careers after childbirth. It also examines existing support mechanisms designed to facilitate their professional reorientation. Furthermore, the article provides an overview of governmental and non-governmental initiatives aimed at promoting employment and career advancement. Aim: To analyse the motivational factors that determine a woman's decision to change her profession after childbirth and to examine existing governmental and non-governmental support mechanisms designed to facilitate their professional reorientation. Method: The method employed is a secondary data analysis of studies conducted by the National Research University Higher School of Economics (HSE University): "Monitoring the Achievement of Learning Goals of Skillbox Graduates" and "Monitoring the Achievement of Learning Goals of Yandex Practicum Graduates." Additionally, statistical data presented in the Demographic Yearbook of Russia are analysed. Results: A universal trend towards career change was identified within the 26-40 age cohort, occurring regardless of gender and driven by the need for self-realization and self-actualization, consistent with Erik Erikson's theory of psychosocial development. Scientific Novelty: The study presents a systematization of the factors conditioning women's decisions to change career paths after childbirth. This includes a comprehensive analysis of sociocultural and psychological aspects, taking into account the specific challenges and considerations associated with motherhood. Practical Significance: The research findings can be used to improve support programs for women seeking to change careers after childbirth, considering the identified functional components of support mechanisms in the career change process (identification of professional interests, provision of the necessary educational level, and career guidance).