Analysis shows TCSC devices affect distance relays in transmission lines, suggesting need for mitigation techniques.
The Thyristor Controlled Series Capacitor (TCSC) is a type of Flexible AC Transmission System (FACTS) device used in power systems to dynamically control power flow and enhance system stability. However, its operation significantly affects distance protection, especially the apparent impedance measured by distance relays during faults. The simulation results show that distance relays overreach & getting unwanted trip signals and to overcome this impact further mitigation techniques are also discussed. Modern energy transmission system suffers from high voltage drop and reduced power transfer capability due to enormous load, therefore flexible AC transmission system TCSC devices are used to improve the power transfer capability of long transmission lines.
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Kumar et al. (2025) studied this question.
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