Randomized double-blind study shows protein intake reduces postprandial fgf21 response to alcohol in humans, suggesting dietary interactions matter.
FGF21 is a hormone secreted from the liver in response to various nutritional stressors, suggested to be acting to balance dietary intake through negative feedback regulation. This meal study aimed to investigate two different potential nutrient interactions on postprandial FGF21 secretion in healthy human participants: 1) between intake of alcohol and protein and 2) between intake of alcohol and vitamin A (retinol). In a 4-arm, randomized, double-blinded, cross-over meal study (NCT06105476), postprandial circulating concentrations of FGF21, glucose, insulin, ethanol, and acetate were compared after intake of four different test drinks containing alcohol, alcohol+protein, alcohol+retinol or retinol in 27 healthy humans. The postprandial FGF21 response to the alcohol+protein drink was severely attenuated compared to the alcohol drink. The FGF21 response to the alcohol+retinol drink was similar to the alcohol drink, while there was no FGF21 response to the drink with retinol only. In conclusion, intake of protein inhibited the secretory FGF21 response to alcohol intake, while retinol intake did not appear to influence FGF21 secretion.
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Ramne et al. (2025) studied this question.
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