Comparative Analysis of Three-Year Reintervention Rates for Rezum vs. UroLift: A TriNetX Study

Abstract Purpose Rezum and UroLift are new minimally invasive treatments; however, data comparing their outcomes remain limited. We queried a TriNetX database to evaluate three-year reintervention rates for both procedures. Methods We used the TriNetX US Collaborative Network database and Common Procedural Terminology codes to identify male patients aged 40 years or older who underwent Rezum or UroLift procedures between January 2018 and December 2020. These patients were followed for three years, during which reintervention procedures were analyzed. Propensity-score matching (PSM) and Cox regression model were performed. Results A total of 3,231 patients were included, with 792 undergoing Rezum and 2,439 undergoing UroLift. After PSM, the overall reintervention rates were similar between the two groups (hazard ratio [HR]: 1.19, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.82–1.73). Among patients aged ≥65, the Rezum group had a lower reintervention rate (HR: 0.60, 95% CI: 0.37–0.97) than the UroLift group. In contrast, among those aged ≥40 to <65, reintervention rates did not differ between Rezum and UroLift (HR: 1.49, 95% CI: 0.87–2.55). Within the Rezum group, patients aged ≥40 to <65 experienced a higher reintervention rate compared with those aged ≥65 (HR: 2.12, 95% CI: 1.15–3.93), whereas no age-related difference was observed in the UroLift group (HR: 0.85, 95% CI: 0.62–1.17). Conclusion In patients aged ≥65, Rezum was associated with a lower reintervention rate over the three-year follow-up period, whereas among those aged ≥40 to <65, both procedures yielded comparable reintervention rates.