This research demonstrates how virtual return contributes to human capital recovery for Ukrainian specialists, suggesting new pathways amid migration challenges.
The large-scale displacement of Ukrainian specialists due to the ongoing war has created significant challenges for national human capital recovery. Traditional mechanisms of return migration face structural, economic, and security-related obstacles. This paper introduces the concept of virtual return as a complementary approach to mitigating migration risks and preserving intellectual potential. Drawing on recent studies on migration, digital labor, and the impact of war on science and education, the research demonstrates that virtual return enables skilled professionals abroad to contribute remotely to the development of Ukraine through digital platforms, research collaborations, and educational projects. The analysis highlights the opportunities and limitations of this concept in the context of human capital restoration.
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Borys Makov (2025) studied this question.
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