A multidisciplinary approach to treatment for osteochondroma of the mandibular condyle and oral rehabilitation: A case report

Osteochondromas are rare benign tumors that can occur in the temporomandibular joint (TMJ). These lesions can cause functional and aesthetic impairments of the jaw. Most studies have discussed surgical management and reconstruction within a single department. Establishing a patient-specific treatment plan through a multidisciplinary approach, involving various dental specialists can lead to better clinical outcomes. This case report illustrates the successful multidisciplinary management of a TMJ osteochondroma, emphasizing the importance of comprehensive diagnostic imaging, surgical intervention, and coordinated postoperative care. A 50-year-old male visited the hospital to consult about implant treatment for the missing 1st and 2nd molar region in his right mandible. Imaging studies revealed a pedunculated mass on the right condyle. Based on clinical and radiographic examinations, a provisional diagnosis of osteochondroma was established. After the surgery, the final diagnosis was confirmed by an oral and maxillofacial pathologist as osteochondroma and secondary synovial chondromatosis of the right TMJ. A multidisciplinary team discussed the patient's treatment plan. The patient underwent a low condylectomy and dental implant surgery followed by rehabilitation comprising physical therapy, jaw exercises, and the use of an occlusal stabilization splint. Postoperative evaluations showed gradual improvement in jaw function and stable occlusion. Six months after surgery, the patient had adapted well to the new occlusion and expressed satisfaction with the rehabilitation outcome, with follow-up imaging confirming the absence of recurrence. Multidisciplinary management is crucial for achieving favorable outcomes in the treatment of TMJ osteochondromas. This case underscores the importance of comprehensive and coordinated treatment strategies.