Biological Control of Cucumber Diseases in the Closed Ground

The study was conducted in the closed ground conditions of a farm enterprise in the Poltava region. The species composition of pathogens of the culture, which was dominated by fungi of the genera Fusarium and Rhizoctonia, was determined. The proportion of occurrence of Alternaria cucurbitae, Pseudoperonospora cubensis, Erysiphe cichoracearum was insignificant. In order to control the prevailing diseases, the biofungicides Trichoplant, R., Mikohelp, R. and Fitohelp, S. were studied. their effectiveness was compared with the chemical preparation Previkur Energy, RK. The positive effect of applying cucumber seeds of the Kibria hybrid with biofungicides based on Bacillus subtilis and Trichoderma lignorum on sowing qualities was noted. Germination energy increased with the use of biologics on average over the years of research by 2.0 %, 4.9% and 10.0% compared to the control (82.5 %). Indicators of laboratory germination in the variants with seed treatment Trichoplant, R. and Mikohelp, R. were 95.4% and 96.3%, respectively, while in the control version – 92.5%. The stimulating effect of biologics on growth processes (seedling and Root Length) was revealed. For the use of Trichoplants, P. and Mikohelp, R. The length of the seedling on average exceeded the control by 6.0 mm, and the roots by 3.0 mm and 6.0 mm, respectively. The studied drugs were effective in controlling cucumber root rot. In the version with the fungicide Previkur Energy, RK. the development of the disease was recorded at the level of 1.3% and 1.7 % (respectively, years of study), technical efficiency averaged 85.3 %. Among biofungicides, the highest technical efficiency over the years of research was provided by Mikohelp, R.– 80.5% and 76.9%. When applied, the average yield of commercial fruits per 1 m2 was 25.2 kg, which exceeded the control by 6.8 kg/m2 or 36.9 %. A statistically significant increase in yield was observed in the variants using Phytohelp, C. (by 4.0 kg/m2) and Trichoplant, R. (by 6.5 kg/m2).