The Politics of Being, the Being of Politics: A Critical Analysis of Political Ontology and New Ontologies of Becoming

This study aims to clarify the complex and multi-layered relationship between the concepts of "political ontology" and "new ontology" within the context of the "ontological turn" in twenty-first-century thought. Using an analytical and comparative method, the article first examines the definition, main concerns, and intellectual genealogy of political ontology. It then distinguishes between two different meanings of the term "new ontology": the historical school of Nicolai Hartmann and contemporary currents such as speculative realism and new materialism. The main thesis of the study is that the most productive and fruitful intersection with political ontology is established with these contemporary "new ontologies" rather than with Hartmann's. In conclusion, it is argued that contemporary problems such as climate change, artificial intelligence, and ecological crises cannot be adequately understood through the anthropocentric concepts of traditional political theory. In this context, it is emphasised that the dialogue between political ontology and new ontologies provides a fundamental basis for the "re-politicisation of being" and is a condition for imagining a more just and sustainable political future that includes the non-human world.