Efficacy and Safety of Dupilumab for Chronic Rhinosinusitis with Nasal Polyposis in Saudi Arabia: A Retrospective Study

Background: Chronic rhinosinusitis with nasal polyposis (CRSwNP) is a chronic inflammatory condition affecting approximately 2%–3% of the population and significantly impacting the quality of life. Methods: This retrospective study assessed the safety and effectiveness of dupilumab in 22 CRSwNP patients treated at a tertiary care center in Saudi Arabia. The olfactory Visual Analog Scale (VAS), the sinonasal outcome test 22 (SNOT22), the eosinophil (ESO) count, the total immunoglobulin E (IgE), and the nasal polyp score (NPS) were used to measure the results. Results: Dupilumab resulted in significant improvements: olfactory VAS scores improved from 10 to 0, SNOT22 scores from 45 to 15.5, IgE levels decreased from 134.7 to 19, and NPS from 4 to 0. ESOs also declined. The only side effects were arthralgia and injection site erythema, and no rescue interventions were required. The mean follow-up period was 1.8 years. Conclusion: Dupilumab is a safe and effective treatment for CRSwNP in patients meeting EPOS2020 criteria. Further research is necessary to validate these findings.