Wireless sensor networks (WSNs) play a pivotal role in various applications, but their energy-constrained nature poses significant challenges to their sustainable operation. In this paper, we propose a novel approach to enhance energy efficiency in WSNs by leveraging energy-centric multi-objective jaya search optimization (MJSO) and multi-objective ant colony optimization (MACO) for clustering and routing. Our method aims to address the energy consumption issues by optimizing clustering and routing strategies simultaneously. The energy-centric MJSO algorithm is employed to intelligently organize sensor nodes into clusters, considering energy consumption, network coverage, and connectivity. The multi-objective MACO algorithm optimizes routing paths by balancing energy consumption and network lifetime objectives. Through integration and simulations, the approach enhances energy efficiency in WSNs for various applications like environmental monitoring and smart cities, advancing energy-efficient clustering and routing. By integrating energy-centric MJSO and MACO into clustering and routing protocols, WSNs can achieve significant improvements in energy efficiency and security while maintaining reliable communication and data delivery.
Kalaskar et al. (Mon,) studied this question.
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