Perturbation analysis calculates gravitational radiation in ultrarelativistic clashes, suggesting specific characteristics regarding emission modes and energy concentration.
Within the five-dimensional ADD model of space-time with compactification radius R, we consider the classical gravitational bremsstrahlung arising from the collision of two ultra-relativistic charges. The collision is governed by the impact parameter b and the Lorentz factor γ. Using the perturbation theory, the total energy, radiated as a gravitational wave, is calculated in the leading order in γ, as well as the spectral-angular and polarization characteristics. The radiation is characterized by concentration within a cone of opening angle of order 1/γ, with the dominant contribution coming from frequencies of order γ2/b. The average number of Kaluza-Klein emission modes is estimated to be of the order of γR/b.
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Grats et al. (2025) studied this question.
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