An Examination of Laws and Practices Surrounding SIM Card Registration in Tanzania: A Strategy to Combat Mobile Phone-Related Cybercrime

The use of mobile phones in Tanzania is rapidly increasing due to the widespread adoption of social media platforms, app-based services, and e-commerce tools by both public and private sectors, such as banks. SIM card legislation plays a critical role in preventing and monitoring cybercrime by mandating biometric registration linked to the National Identification Authority (NIDA). This linkage enhances accountability and aids in identifying mobile users. In line with this, the Tanzania Communications Regulatory Authority (TCRA) introduced regulations requiring all telecom users to register their SIM cards using biometric data and a national ID. Prior to the implementation of this policy, the unregulated use of SIM cards contributed to rising cybercrime, privacy violations, financial losses, and national security risks. This article examines the effectiveness of SIM card legislation in combating cybercrime in Tanzania, highlighting its strengths and weaknesses. It also presents a comparative analysis of similar frameworks in SADC countries such as Kenya, Nigeria, and Ghana, which implemented mandatory SIM registration between 2008 and 2011. The study draws on both doctrinal and empirical data to evaluate the challenges and propose recommendations aimed at strengthening legal and institutional frameworks to ensure effective cybercrime prevention under SIM Card connectivity