3-Bit Compact Wide-angle Coding Metasurface for Manipulating Terahertz Beam Steering

This paper introduces a 3-Bit compact wide-angle coding metasurface and realized terahertz beam steering. The device has three layers, an H-shaped patch metal, a polyimide medium in the middle, and a copper metal at the bottom. The structure was optimized by simulation software. Far-field analysis for different coding methods and muti-bit coding allows precise control over terahertz reflection wave deflection and beam splitting. For the 1-bit metasurface, arranging coding horizontally or vertically generates two axis-symmetric reflection waves. Alternating coding directions produces four center-symmetric reflection wave beams, allowing adjustment of azimuth and elevation angles (φ and θ). Multi-bit coding tests demonstrate more accurate control over reflected wave angles. The proposed metasurface achieves a maximum 3-bit coding near 5.5THz, enabling beam deflection and binary/quadruple beam splitting. This coding metasurface holds promise for significant contributions to future 6G communications.