Motivation: Macaque brain structures undergo significant changes from birth through adulthood. However, there are no age-specific macaque brain common coordinate frameworks (CCFs) serving as neuroanatomical references for mapping genetic, cellular, and molecular information. Goal(s): To establish ultra-high-resolution CCFs for macaque brain at birth and early childhood (10-months). Approach: We acquired ultra-high resolution diffusion MRI (dMRI) of neonate and early-childhood macaque brains and delineated whole-brain neuroanatomical structures. We also investigated macaque white matter tract maturation through dMRI-based tractography. Results: The established neonate and early childhood macaque brain CCFs feature 0.2mm isotropic ultra-high diffusion imaging resolution, comprehensive gray and white matter labels, and a coordinate framework. Impact: These first age-specific developmental macaque brain CCFs, featuring 0.2mm isotropic ultra-high-resolution diffusion imaging, serve as neuroanatomical references. They facilitate the mapping of genetic, cellular, and molecular data and offer image templates, establishing foundations for discoveries in brain development and evolution.
Zhang et al. (Tue,) studied this question.