Impact of Ageing on Regional Cortical Thickness and Its Relationship with Cognitive Abilities

Motivation: Cortical thickness reduction and its correlation with cognitive functions is essential for understanding aging-related grey matter changes and identifying biomarkers for early detection cognitive decline. Goal(s): This study investigates age-related changes in regional cortical thickness and its correlation with cognitive functions in healthy young, middle-aged, and elderly Indian individuals. Approach: 76 healthy participants underwent Brain MRI scanning and detailed cognitive assessment. Results: Elderly participants showed reduced cortical thickness in regions like the insula, posterior cingulate, precuneus, and temporal cortices. Significant correlations were found between cortical thickness and cognitive functions such as auditory learning, memory, and executive functions across brain regions. Impact: This research provides valuable insights into age-related cortical thinning and its impact on cognitive functions in healthy Indian population. It underscores the association between cortical thickness and learning and memory, contributing to our understanding of aging and cognitive health.