Mechanical performance tests, sound insulation analysis, and finite element studies reveal temperature effects on sealing performance.
The mechanical and sound insulation performance of sponge rubber seals is significantly affected by the temperature, which directly affects the seals and performance of car doors. To investigate the effect of temperatures on seals, mechanical performance tests, finite element analysis (FEA), and sound insulation performance tests were conducted in the range of -40 °C to 160 °C. The tensile test results show that the stiffness and brittleness of the seals increase at low temperatures, while their strength and elasticity decrease at high temperatures. FEA shows that under compression of 0-6 mm, both low and high temperatures significantly increase the compression load. This enhances sealing performance, but may affect assembly. In addition, low temperature improves sound insulation performance by changing the modulus, while high temperature mainly causes material softening with relatively little impact. The simulation results were verified by sound insulation tests. The research results can provide a reference for optimizing the design of sponge rubber seals to improve the sealing and sound insulation performance of the entire vehicle.
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Zhang et al. (2025) studied this question.
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