Implementation of Positive Train Control (PTC) or ETC (European Train Control System) in Bangladesh Railways: A Sustainable Approach

Bangladesh Railways, nowadays faces noticeable challenging issues in safety and efficiency as well as capacity due to backdated signaling and train control systems. This research evaluates the feasibility of the implementation of Positive Train Control (PTC) or the European Train Control System (ETCS) to give a modern solution to Bangladesh Railway operations. A multi-criteria analysis compares economic, technical, and operational factors while case studies from the USA (PTC), Europe (ETCS), and India (Kavach) provide benchmarks. The study identifies Dhaka-Chittagong as the optimal pilot corridor and proposes a phased implementation strategy that includes cost-benefit projections. Result indicates that ETCS level to is more applicable for Bangladesh Railway because of its interoperability with future regional networks. On the other hand, PTC offers a cost-effective solution for the high- density routes. This paper concludes by giving a roadmap for adoption, working on training challenges, and addressing funds. This research mainly focuses on the feasibility of implementing PTC or ETCS to modernize Bangladesh Railway operations. A multi-criteria analysis compares economic, technical, and operational factors was made form the studies from USA (PTC), Europe (ETCS), and India (Kavach) provide benchmarks. Through multi-criteria analysis assessing economic viability, technical adaptability, and operational impact- supplemented by global benchmarks like PTC in the USA, ETCS in Europe, and India’s Kavach, the research identifies ETCS level 2 as the optimal choice for Bangladesh. The recommendation prioritizes its regional compatibility, automated safety features and scalability. While PTC remains a nice option for high-density routes, the Dhaka-Chittagong corridor (handling 60% of national rail traffic) is selected for the pilot phase due to its economic importance and existing semi-automated infrastructure.