Outcome and Prognosis of Lower Limb Angioplasty on Treatment of Patients with Diabetic Foot Syndrome (DFS): A Single Center Experience for 2 Years

Introduction: The endpoint of this study is to evaluate the outcome and prognosis of lower limb angioplasty on treatment of patients with DFS. The aim of the study was to evaluate effectiveness and limb salvage potential of lower limb in patients with DFS. Methodology: A retrospective cross-sectional study was conducted using electronic medical record reviews among patients diagnosed with Diabetic Foot Syndrome (DFS) who underwent angioplasty treatment. The study duration encompassed data collected from DFS-admitted patients receiving treatment between January 2020 and January 2022. Assessment of the outcomes of lower limb angioplasty involved a follow-up of patients, evaluating improvements in clinical symptoms and physical examination findings. To evaluate micro circulatory disorders, CTA of the lower limb from the level of the abdominal aorta to the dorsalis pedis was performed and evaluated by a qualified radiologist. Results: The study included a total of 69 participants with mean age of the participants was 66.39 (±10.35) years. The majority of participants were male (73.9%), while the majority of participants did not experience complications after the procedure (94.2%). The reported complications included fever and paracetamol administration (40.0%), dissection at the origin of the peroneal artery (20.0%), severe hypotension (20.0%), and acute thrombosis of PTA and peroneal artery (20.0%). The majority of participants reported that it had improved after the procedure by more than75% (69.6%), while 11.6% reported an improvement of more than 50%, and smaller proportions reported improvements of more than 25% (4.3%) or no difference (7.2%). The change in Hemoglobin A1C (HA1C) levels after surgery showed a significant association with the incidence of amputation (p = 0.003). Likewise, the presence of another wound on the same foot showed a significant association with amputation (p = 0.012*). The location of arterial involvement showed a significant association with amputation (p = 0.015). Conclusion: The findings of this research indicate that angioplasty of the lower extremities is a safe and efficacious treatment option for those afflicted with diabetic foot syndrome.