This approach demonstrates Mittag-Leffler synchronization in variable-order networks using linear and nonlinear controllers, indicating broader applications in neural engineering.
This work presents a synchronization control methodology for Variable Fractional-Order Reaction-Diffusion systems (VFO-RDs), focusing on the FitzHugh-Nagumo model. Using Caputo fractional difference operators with time-dependent orders, we design both linear and nonlinear controllers and prove Mittag-Leffler synchronization under explicit constraints. Key contributions: (i) a unified Mittag-Leffler Synchronization (MLSY) framework for variableorder systems using linear and nonlinear controllers; (ii) integration of absolute-state feedback with Lyapunov-based stability for robustness and fast convergence; (iii) demonstration on the FitzHugh-Nagumo (FHN) model, indicating broader applicability in neural engineering.
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Jebril et al. (2025) studied this question.
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