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This is a Cohort Study study (also classified as: Experimental Study, Quantitative Study).

September 17, 2025Earth and Space ScienceOpen Access

Lightning Density and Its Coupled Covariates Within the Continental United States

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Seasonal analysis shows lightning density is significantly influenced by convective available potential energy (CAPE), particularly in summer.
Data from 2016 to 2021 indicates strong spatial correlations between soil moisture and lightning in the southeastern U.S. (r = 0.60).
Wavelet analyses reveal a lead-lag relationship between soil moisture and lightning density, especially pronounced in summer months in the Southeast.
Findings highlight the role of thunderstorms in seasonal land surface moisture and the dynamics of coupled land-atmosphere interactions.

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Analysis reveals strong coupling between lightning density, soil moisture, and convective available potential energy in different U.S. regions.

Eisenacher et al. (2025) studied this question.

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Analysis reveals strong coupling between lightning density, soil moisture, and convective available potential energy in different U.S. regions.