Prevalence of Left Ventricular Hypertrophy and Its Association with Blood Pressure Control in Hypertensive Patients at Vajira Hospital, Navamindradhiraj University

OBJECTIVES: This study aimed to determine the prevalence of left ventricular hypertrophy (LVH) diagnosed via echocardiography and the relationship between blood pressure (BP) control and LVH and identify factors associated with LVH among patients with hypertension in Thailand.METHODS: This cross-sectional study included 107 patients with hypertension who visited a cardiology clinic between March 2024 and August 2024. The baseline characteristics, office BP, and morning and evening home BP measurements of the participants were obtained. Echocardiographic criteria for LVH diagnosis are left ventricular mass index > 95 g/m2 in women and > 115 g/m2 in men. The primary outcomes were to determine the prevalence of LVH and assess the relationship between BP control and LVH.RESULTS: The prevalence of LVH was 32.70%, with all the patients diagnosed with LVH exhibiting a concentric hypertrophy phenotype. Among the patients, 59.80% had controlled home BP, whereas 42% had controlled office BP. The prevalence of LVH was 22.50% among patients with both controlled office and home BP, 44.70% among those with both uncontrolled office and home BP, 20% in the group with controlled office but uncontrolled home BP, and 33.30% in the group with uncontrolled office BP but controlled home BP. Multivariate analysis showed that the number of antihypertensive drugs use was the only significant associated factor.CONCLUSION: The prevalence of LVH is high among patients with hypertension, particularly those with uncontrolled office and home BP. This indicates the need for effective hypertension management strategies to prevent hypertension-mediated organ damage associated with LVH.