Political History and Electoral Participation in Hiyanglam Assembly Constituency: A Comparative Analysis of Electoral Trends (2012-2022)

This study examines the political history and electoral participation patterns in Hiyanglam Assembly Constituency of Manipur from 2012 to 2022, analysing three consecutive elections to understand democratic participation trends, voting behaviour, and political transformation in this significant constituency. Using secondary data analysis and quantitative research methods, the study reveals significant shifts in political allegiance, voter turnout patterns, and party competition dynamics. The research findings indicate a transition from Congress dominance to BJP emergence, with electoral participation rates showing variations across the three election cycles. The constituency witnessed voter turnout rates of approximately 79.19% in 2012, 84% in 2017, and 94.82% in 2022, reflecting increasing democratic engagement. Key findings reveal that while traditional political parties maintained significant influence, newer political formations have successfully challenged established hegemonies, contributing to a more pluralistic electoral landscape. The study contributes to understanding micro-level electoral dynamics in Northeast India's complex political terrain and provides insights into democratic deepening processes in ethnically diverse constituencies.