Bio-synthesized Silver Oxide Nanoparticles are Effective Anti-Uro-pathogenic Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Proteus mirabilis Isolated from Cattle

Background: Urinary tract infections in cattle represent a significant veterinary concern, impacting animal health, welfare, and economic productivity. The frequently diverse bacterial pathogens isolated from bovine UTIs, posing particular challenges due to their inherent virulence factors and increasing antimicrobial resistance profiles. Aims: In this study, an alternative controlling protocol was used to counteract the antimicrobial resistance of the bacterial isolates Proteus mirabilis (PM14) and Pseudomonas aeruginosa (PA59) using biosynthesize silver oxide nanoparticles (AgONPs) by cell-free supernatants of a mixed species of: Bacillus subtilis, B. amyloliquefaciens, B. atrophaeus). Results: The findings of VITEK system showed that PM14 was sensitive to ceftazidime/avibactam, amikacin, ciprofloxacin, meropenem, and gentamycin, while PA59 was resistant to most of the tested antibiotics. Regarding to agar well diffusion, the growth inhibition zones of bacterial isolates were 19and 12mm when 100 μg/ml of AgONPs was applied against PM14 and PA59, respectively. Moreover, bacterial growth of both PM14 and PA59 was inhibited at 15.6 μg/mL of AgONPs, as an MIC with a bacterial survival of (0.3 - 0.6 %), compared to the control group, which was growing without treatment. Conclusions: The promising efficacy of AgONPs in inhibiting the proliferation of uropathogenic species PM14 and PA59, isolated from bovine subjects, suggests their potential as a viable and potent antimicrobial agent for veterinary therapeutic applications.