Comparative Study of Stoma Closure by Stapler Technique versus Conventional Suture Anastomosis

Background: Closure of temporary stomas, such as loop ileostomy and colostomy, is a key restorative procedure in colorectal surgery. Traditionally performed by hand-sewn anastomosis, mechanical stapling is an alternative that may reduce morbidity, operative time, and recovery period. Therefore, the aim of study is to compare stapler and conventional hand-sewn techniques for stoma closure in terms of operative outcomes, complication rates, and hospital stay, in order to identify the superior short-term approach. Material and Methods: This prospective randomised controlled trial included 70 adult patients undergoing loop ileostomy or colostomy closure, allocated equally to stapler or hand-sewn groups. Outcomes analysed were morbidity, mortality, ileus/small bowel obstruction, anastomotic leak, surgical site infection, bleeding, reoperation, and hospital stay. Results: Overall morbidity was significantly lower in the stapler group (5.7%) compared with the hand‑sewn group (25.7%, p = 0.002). Wound infection (5.7% vs 25.7%, p = 0.022) and anastomotic leak (0% vs 5.7%, p = 0.040) were less frequent in the stapler group. No mortality occurred. Stapler patients had a shorter mean hospital stay (7.0 ± 0.84 days) compared to hand‑sewn patients (11.2 ± 0.76 days, p = 0.043). Conclusion: Stapler closure of stomas offers reduced morbidity, wound infection, and hospital stay compared to the hand‑sewn technique, and should be considered when anatomy and resources allow.