Evaluation of the Clinical Significance of Platelet Count, Lipid Profile, and Glycemic Status in Patients with ST-Segment Elevation Myocardial Infarction

BACKGROUND: Acute myocardial infarction (MI) caused by ischemic necrosis of heart tissue remains a leading cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide. ST-Elevation Myocardial Infarction (STEMI), a severe MI subtype, results from complete or near-complete coronary artery occlusion. This study evaluated the clinical significance of platelet count, lipid profile, and glycemic status in STEMI patients to better understand their roles in prognosis and management. METHODS: In this cross-sectional and descriptive study, 400 STEMI patients admitted to a hospital in Southern Iran were included. Clinical and laboratory parameters, including platelet count, high-density lipoprotein (HDL), low-density lipoprotein (LDL), and blood sugar (BS) levels, were analyzed. Statistical comparisons were made between genders and patient outcomes. RESULTS: The majority of patients were males (73%) aged 50–70 years. Male patients exhibited significantly lower mean platelet counts, HDL, and BS levels compared to females ( P < 0.05). Mortality was significantly higher in female patients (20.4%) than males (7.9%) ( P < 0.05). Although most patients had normal platelet counts, there was no significant difference in platelet count between survivors and non-survivors ( P > 0.05). Conversely, deceased patients had significantly lower LDL and higher BS levels compared to survivors ( P < 0.05). These findings indicate that glycemic status and lipid profile abnormalities have greater prognostic relevance than platelet count in STEMI. CONCLUSION: Our findings indicated that LDL and BS are the prognostic valuable factors for the outcome of STEMI patients. The present study is useful for the early management of patients with STEMI patients.