This review highlights the progress in force measurement technology and its implications for robotics and industrial automation.
Plane three-dimensional force sensor, as a key sensing device that can simultaneously measure the force or moment in three orthogonal directions of X, Y and Z in three-dimensional space, has shown great application value in the fields of robotics, medical equipment, industrial automation and aerospace in recent years. In this paper, the latest research progress of planar three-dimensional force sensor is systematically reviewed, including its working principle, design type, application field and future development trend. Through the comprehensive analysis of current technology, the challenges in signal decoupling, precision improvement, flexibility and mass manufacturing are pointed out, and the future development direction of deep integration with artificial intelligence and new material technology is prospected.
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Jiajing et al. (2025) studied this question.
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