The addition of cerium oxide improves densification and stability in alumina-toughened zirconia, suggesting significant enhancements.
The addition of a small amount of CeO 2 doping in alumina-toughened zirconia significantly enhances densification, suppresses hydrothermal degradation, and improves hardness by refining grain structure and stabilizing the tetragonal phase.
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Abbas et al. (2025) studied this question.
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