The correlation between bullying and mental-emotional disorders among adolescents in Pekalongan city

Background: Adolescence is a critical developmental period characterized by increased vulnerability to mental health disorders, particularly in response to psychosocial stressors such as bullying. In Indonesia, the incidence of adolescent mental-emotional disorders and bullying is rising. While international studies have established a link between bullying and mental health, research in specific local contexts remains limited. Purpose: This study aims to examine the correlation between bullying and emotional mental disorders among adolescents in Pekalongan City. Methods: This research employed a cross-sectional study conducted between October and November 2024, involving 360 high school students aged 15–18 years, selected through proportional random sampling from a population of 3,080. Bullying was measured using the Forms of Bullying Scale–Victimization (FBS-V), while emotional and mental disorders were assessed using the Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire (SDQ). The data were analyzed using Spearman's rank correlation test. Results: The study found that 85% of respondents had experienced bullying, predominantly in the low category (82.5%). Additionally, 26.1% of students were identified as having emotional mental disorders. Statistical analysis revealed a significant positive correlation between bullying and emotional mental disorders (Spearman's rho = 0.470, p < 0.001), indicating moderate correlation strength. Conclusions: Bullying is positively associated with emotional and mental disorders among adolescents in Pekalongan City.