Successful Management of Rhinocerebral Mucormycosis With Frontal Bone Invasion in a Steroid-Induced Immunocompromised Patient

Rhinocerebral mucormycosis is a rare but life-threatening fungal infection that progresses rapidly, particularly in immunocompromised patients. The authors report a case of a 65-year-old female with no prior history of diabetes or malignancy who developed invasive mucormycosis following corticosteroid treatment for immune thrombocytopenia. The infection extended from the nasal cavity through the cribriform plate into the frontal bone and dura mater. Initial endoscopic debridement with nasoseptal flap reconstruction was followed by a second-stage bicoronal resection and titanium plate reconstruction due to progressive bony invasion. Histopathology confirmed mucormycosis with angioinvasive hyphae. The patient was successfully treated with staged surgery and systemic liposomal amphotericin B, showing full recovery without recurrence at 6 months. This case highlights the importance of early recognition, aggressive surgical management, and multidisciplinary care in immunocompromised patients with atypical presentations of mucormycosis.