Research on the geospatial distribution mechanism of intangible cultural heritage based on GIS and spatial statistics

With the acceleration of globalization, intangible cultural heritage has become an important resource for protecting national culture and promoting social development. However, research on its geographical distribution and potential mechanisms is still insufficient, especially in the use of spatial statistics and geographic information systems for analysis and management. This study uses GIS technology and spatial statistical methods, including spatial autocorrelation, hotspot analysis, and geographically weighted regression (GWR), to explore the spatial distribution of China’s intangible cultural heritage. This study analyzed data from national intangible cultural heritage projects to reveal regional characteristics and distribution patterns. The research results show that intangible cultural heritage has significant regional agglomeration, with high-density areas concentrated in the eastern coastal areas and around major cities, while the density is lower in the western and remote areas. In addition, factors such as geographical location, economic development, and population density have a significant impact on distribution. About 55% of intangible cultural heritage projects in China are concentrated in Jiangsu, Zhejiang, and Guangdong provinces. This study provides valuable insights into the spatial pattern of intangible cultural heritage and scientific basis for effective cultural protection and policy formulation. These findings can guide local governments in allocating resources, formulating strategies for cultural heritage protection and inheritance, especially in balancing the urban-rural gap.