Exploring Antioxidant, Antibacterial, and Toxicity Prediction of Purslane Herb (Portulaca oleracea L.) from Several Extraction Solvents

In traditional herbal medicine, Indonesians generally use the purslane plant as an ingredient. This research aims to determine the antioxidant capacity and antibacterial properties of purslane plants using different solvents. The research methodology involved extracting purslane using different solvents, such as methanol, herbal ethyl, acetate, and hexane. Antioxidant testing used the DPPH method and compared the results with those obtained from vitamin C. This experiment employed the phytochemical diffusion method. Variations in solvent polarity may explain the differences between the results of phytochemical screening tests for various fractions and the results obtained from in silico toxicity tests using the Protox II and PKCsm methods. IC50 methanol fraction had an antioxidant activity of 96.12 ± 0.02, the ethyl acetate fraction 56.78 ± 0.04, the N-hexane fraction 456.72 ± 0.467, and Vitamin C 10.67 ± 0.02. The most effective against E. Colli is the ethyl acetate fraction with an inhibition zone value of 14.00 ± 0.10. Against Pseudomonas aeruginosa the ethyl acetate fraction was 17.77 ± 0.15, against Salmonella typi the N – Hexane fraction 15.24 ± 0.71, against Bacillus subtilis ethyl acetate fraction 14.77 ± 0.01, against Streptococcus pneumonia the N – fraction Hexane 14.08 ± 0.36 and against Streptococcus aureus ethyl acetate fraction 16.77 ± 0.17. The in silico toxicity prediction results classified the lutein component as a highly toxic component. However, not all purslane components show hepatotoxicity. Conclusion: The study found that the purslane herb fraction showed antioxidant properties, inhibited the growth of gram-negative and gram-positive bacteria, did not show hepatotoxicity, and had significant toxicity to the lutein component.