Analysis reveals efineptakin alfa improves overall survival and increases tertiary lymphoid structures in murine lung tumors, indicating potential synergy with PD-1-targeted therapy.
Tertiary lymphoid structures (TLSs) are emerging as good predictive biomarkers of response to cancer immunotherapy. However, therapeutic strategies to induce these structures are currently limited. We evaluated the therapeutic benefit of efineptakin alfa (NT-I7), a long-acting form of IL-7, and its ability to induce TLSs in a murine lung tumor model. NT-I7 improved overall survival in tumor-bearing mice. It also increased the abundance of T, B, dendritic cells, and stem-like CD8 T cells and promoted the formation of immune aggregates in the tumor microenvironment (TME). Stem-like CD8 T cells were preferentially located in the immune aggregates. Spatial transcriptomic analyses of the TME further demonstrated that the immune aggregates induced by NT-I7 included TLSs with enrichment of Cd274 (PD-L1) transcripts and genes involved in antigen processing and presentation. Upregulation of Cd274 in the TLSs may provide opportunities for synergy between NT-I7 and PD-1-targeted immunotherapy.
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Dinh et al. (2025) studied this question.
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