Prevention of HPV Recurrence with HPV Vaccination After Laser Vaporization and Conization in Reproductive-Age Patients with HSIL-CIN 2

Background: Persistent infection with high-risk human papillomavirus (HPV) after surgical management of high-grade squamous intraepithelial lesions (HSIL-CIN 2) is recognized as a major driver of recurrence and progression to cervical cancer.⁶ ¹⁰ Despite advances in screening and surgical techniques, recurrence rates remain clinically significant.⁵ ⁹ ¹⁰ Globally, cervical cancer continues to be one of the most common cancers affecting women, particularly in low- and middle-income countries.⁶ Although prophylactic HPV vaccines such as Gardasil® and Gardasil 9® were initially developed for primary prevention,³ ⁷ ⁸ emerging evidence suggests that they may also serve a secondary preventive role when administered after surgical treatment by reducing reinfection and supporting clearance of residual viral particles.¹ ² ⁴ ⁵ ⁹ Objective: This study aimed to assess whether postoperative administration of the quadrivalent HPV vaccine (Gardasil®) in reproductive-age women treated with CO₂ laser conization and vaporization for HSIL-CIN 2 could reduce recurrence of HPV infection and associated cytological abnormalities, thereby improving recurrence-free survival.